How can blockchain technology mitigate the risks associated with cryptographic attacks?​

Източник: LBankЧас: 2025-03-19 01:48:22

How Blockchain Technology Mitigates Risks Associated with Cryptographic Attacks

In an era where digital security is paramount, blockchain technology has emerged as a formidable solution to combat the risks associated with cryptographic attacks. By leveraging its unique features and mechanisms, blockchain provides a robust framework that enhances security and trust in various applications. This article explores how blockchain technology effectively mitigates these risks through decentralization, consensus mechanisms, immutability, smart contracts, regular security audits, and advanced cryptographic techniques.

Decentralization

The cornerstone of blockchain technology is its decentralized nature. Unlike traditional systems that rely on a central authority or server to manage data and transactions, blockchains distribute this responsibility across a network of nodes. This decentralization makes it significantly harder for any single entity to manipulate the network or execute successful attacks.

By dispersing control among multiple participants in the network, blockchain reduces the risk of centralized points of failure. In essence, even if one node is compromised or attacked, the integrity of the entire system remains intact due to the presence of numerous other nodes verifying transactions independently.

Consensus Mechanisms

Blockchain employs various consensus mechanisms such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) to validate transactions before they are added to the ledger. These protocols require agreement from multiple nodes within the network before any changes can be made.

This multi-node verification process creates an additional layer of security against potential attackers who might attempt to alter transaction records. The requirement for consensus ensures that malicious actors would need substantial resources and coordination among many participants—making successful attacks exceedingly difficult.

Immutable Ledger

The immutability feature inherent in blockchain technology further enhances its resistance against cryptographic attacks. Once data is recorded on a blockchain ledger, it becomes virtually impossible to alter or delete it without detection.

This characteristic not only protects against tampering but also instills confidence among users regarding data integrity. Any attempt at modification would require altering all subsequent blocks in addition to gaining control over more than half of the network—a feat that is highly improbable in well-established blockchains like Bitcoin or Ethereum.

Smart Contracts

Smart contracts are self-executing agreements with terms directly written into code on the blockchain. They automate processes by executing actions when predefined conditions are met without requiring intermediaries such as banks or legal entities.

This automation reduces vulnerabilities associated with human error and manipulation during contract execution while enhancing transparency between parties involved in transactions. As smart contracts operate within secure environments provided by blockchains, they contribute significantly towards minimizing risks related to cryptographic breaches.

Regular Security Audits

An essential practice for maintaining robust security within any technological framework—including blockchains—is conducting regular security audits. These assessments help identify potential vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors.

A proactive approach toward identifying weaknesses allows developers and organizations utilizing blockchain solutions not only safeguard their systems but also enhance user trust through demonstrated commitment towards maintaining high-security standards over time.

Advanced Cryptographic Techniques

The use of advanced cryptographic techniques plays a crucial role in bolstering overall security within blockchains further still—techniques such as zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) allow one party (the prover) to prove possession knowledge without revealing information itself while homomorphic encryption enables computations on encrypted data without needing decryption first!

These methods provide additional layers protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access while ensuring privacy remains intact throughout interactions involving confidential details. < p >In conclusion , Blockchain technology stands out as an innovative solution capable mitigating risks associated with cryptography threats . Through decentralization , consensus mechanisms , immutable ledgers , smart contracts , regular audits & advanced encryption methods - this powerful tool offers unparalleled protection across diverse applications ranging finance healthcare supply chain management etc . As we continue embracing digital transformation globally understanding leveraging these capabilities will become increasingly vital ensuring safety reliability future innovations! < / p >
Technical Study
СпотФючърси
USDTUSDCLTsBTCETHSTABLECOINS
ДвойкиЦенаПромяна
84882.73
0.67%
2016.52
1.20%
623.2
-0.65%
133.67
2.32%
0.00254
-2.31%
1.0001
-0.02%
2.4117
0.76%
3.691
2.16%
2.2912
0.17%
0.3727
1.14%
4.473
0.27%
11.01
0.00%
0.6921
-4.27%
0.000778
10.20%
0.000694
-2.53%
0.000001297
3.93%
0.00437
-8.96%
0.01330
33.00%
0.002483
24.15%
0.01785
197.50%
0.002043
-22.64%
0.04895
-0.49%
0.000833
-19.20%
0.003449
-51.44%
0.000140
-52.70%
0.00465
-27.23%
0.1754
-2.28%
0.022976
1.43%
0.05815
-2.66%
0.00000565
-37.36%
0.01920
-16.49%
0.002155
196.42%
0.00405
32.79%
0.006511
-27.66%
0.000252
-5.62%
0.003750
-9.83%
0.1136
128.11%
0.005587
6.87%
0.021658
-17.85%
0.001265
-35.66%
0.000690
-22.12%
0.00437
6.33%
0.13502
8.28%
1.386
8.20%
0.0012959
-0.39%
0.1311
-1.43%
0.3555
-0.86%
0.07100
-0.69%
2.284
0.71%
0.00000356
91.40%
0.000230
-28.35%
0.1686
-9.31%
0.1683
-9.90%
0.001690
1.62%
0.0003192
9.65%
1431.3797
0.83%
51424.17651
23.92%
1643414.4487699
-18.02%
3182.0000
0.06%
0.00083508
3.46%
0.62718
-3.20%
0.012587
3.61%
23328.60469
5.23%
0.0000961
-1.03%
53.11319
-0.73%
0.0000007795
3.59%
5999.45668
3.58%
3.41759
5.93%
0.0000006968
0.59%
0.00000020983
65.30%
489.36779
-69.30%
30.6602
2.97%
0.1639
0.55%
16.1146
-1.28%
6.4732
0.39%
0.01902
-0.37%
0.07243
0.26%
0.664523
0.92%
0.1967
2.50%
17.0586
-3.73%
0.000789
10.35%
0.2731
0.11%
0.6324
0.38%
0.006407
1.02%
5.697234
0.32%
8.1064
0.62%
0.01390
5.62%
1.5491
5.54%
0.172711
1.55%
1.1025
0.16%
0.23292
0.00%
0.01650
-0.84%
0.000025110
1.27%
526.0000
0.08%
1.99476
-2.65%
0.063217
3.52%
0.093932
-7.38%
0.2698
0.00%
0.0012207
0.60%
0.63501
0.20%
0.1489
-2.55%
0.4495
-0.64%
0.005361
-1.40%
0.7197
-0.29%
0.009780
2.13%
1.2182
-1.97%
0.01508
0.53%
0.001915
-2.69%
0.00000000000078
-59.59%
0.108000
1.03%
0.04820
-0.86%
1.0482
-0.62%
0.00007039
2.34%
0.00061124
8.74%
0.00586
3.17%
0.16399
-6.57%
0.00332340
0.68%
96.8847
-0.06%
1.3939
1.03%
0.006661
0.68%
0.04801
-5.27%
229.01
-0.94%
0.025329
-26.26%
8.4192
0.06%
0.1269
-15.00%
0.0227
2.25%
10.3218
1.04%
0.0409
-0.73%
0.0118
-0.84%
0.04112
-1.46%
1.5413
0.62%
0.8581
0.23%
0.00000705
-29.92%
0.00202
1.00%
0.0003179
-3.23%
0.0898
0.79%
4.7644
13.77%
1.1563
-0.46%
3.1585
4.45%
0.03111
-10.94%
0.00003397
0.95%
0.2357
0.51%
0.000000580
75.76%
0.0005846
1.92%
12.2232
29.56%
0.00294
-0.68%
0.28915
7.80%
2.620
-0.68%
0.03013
-0.92%
0.00000000003565
-3.52%
1.0022
0.12%
0.026506
-0.92%
0.6408
-4.24%
0.1706
0.65%
0.00000003383
-8.00%
1.2750
0.19%
0.77
-11.49%
0.18878
20.63%
0.003624
-3.75%
0.64814
0.04%
0.013436
0.59%
0.001516
-1.81%
0.1625
8.48%
2.5806
-2.57%
0.001770
-3.44%
0.0003507
-2.53%
0.00002939
-0.64%
3.7760
0.19%
0.00349
25.54%
0.3394
-0.26%
0.000000001562
3.31%
0.4986
3.14%
0.044880
1.24%
0.00009084
-1.54%
0.058308
-4.88%
0.019982
30.21%
0.00197
-13.97%
238.8900
-0.06%
0.006255
4.86%
0.115756
-0.01%
1.46
0.69%
3.2472
45.02%
0.0031121
0.28%
111.1338
-0.25%
47.0005
-4.04%
0.024646
0.90%
0.02210
0.91%
0.000003961
0.23%
0.0252
2.44%
0.0004687
-28.98%
7.4228
-7.96%
1.6115
-3.39%
0.00000237
0.00%
0.02065
22.19%
0.002117
-0.09%
0.0022598
0.78%
0.41284
0.85%
18.16493
-1.28%
0.04124
2.28%
0.1003
-1.86%
0.002580
-0.12%
0.00000001334
0.08%
0.00004382
0.02%
0.01868
0.48%
0.1999
24.94%
0.2995
2.39%
0.0007173
-0.04%
0.0002010
2.81%
2.132
2.75%
0.1478
-0.34%
0.00004698
3.96%
0.0002972
-0.30%
0.00005224
0.04%
0.004986
-0.04%
3.92
16.67%
0.17156
1.47%
0.0000093613
9.11%
0.01201
0.00%
26.4155
0.46%
0.4000
-28.88%
0.006544
0.05%
0.3770
14.55%
0.0000802
2.69%
0.0024387
0.65%
0.023515
-1.62%
0.16437
-3.69%
0.000855
-1.27%
0.120510
-0.65%
0.000161
-18.69%
0.52279
9.86%
0.0007123
1.92%
2.9817
4.14%
0.02167
-0.14%
0.02259
-0.96%
0.0011668
0.07%
0.03907
0.93%
0.7136
0.17%
0.002883
-3.90%
0.024525
0.00%
93.255
3.42%
0.00740
6.32%
0.1095
1.48%
0.22997
-5.57%
0.020141
0.77%
8.9426
0.01%
0.001729
1.47%
0.05633
1.90%
0.09717
-2.50%
0.002426
-1.58%
82.9999
-19.42%
0.014040
5.10%
0.01530
-1.42%
0.1988
-1.19%
0.5326
3.62%
0.00000045
-64.29%
0.004742
0.57%
0.00540
0.37%
0.001929
-1.78%
0.224
0.90%
0.1270
-2.31%
24.17
-59.80%
0.2247
-2.01%
0.00548
2.62%
0.0002778
1.05%
0.1562
2.36%
0.01773
-0.23%
0.12512
1.06%
223.000
2.15%
0.00010263
0.25%
0.00246
-6.11%
0.03195
4.58%
2.911
-7.29%
1.7225
-0.05%
0.02694
0.19%
0.00569
13.57%
0.4322
3.05%
0.00439
-13.75%
0.7609
0.38%
0.0006875
6.19%
0.002841
-2.57%
0.00001305
2.84%
0.1954
0.41%
0.0001309
-1.06%
7.0700
1.02%
0.00018153
-4.46%
0.0006618
0.58%
0.0257
84.89%
0.009483
2.12%
14.47
1.90%
0.00000737
0.55%
0.00285
-0.35%
0.00054
0.00%
0.2190
11.51%
0.000640
0.00%
0.0498
-4.41%
0.016551
-3.05%
0.07952
-0.06%
0.007808
1.30%
0.0001710
0.35%
0.00000476
3.70%
0.5275
-0.23%
0.06638
5.77%
0.008394
-3.64%
0.0016825
3.79%
0.009784
-1.39%
0.000276
0.36%
0.02200
0.05%
0.02853
7.05%
0.372
0.27%
3.5875
0.66%
0.000002657
0.26%
0.0003830
-0.39%
0.00006392
1.52%
0.00003107
7.55%
0.0787
1.16%
0.001293
-2.12%
0.000002166
4.49%
0.06130
0.99%
0.0008870
-6.71%
0.68511
0.11%
0.00392
0.77%
0.00020122
-26.58%
0.01590
0.00%
0.000387
3.20%
3.8880
-0.03%
19.71
1.13%
0.6003
0.00%
0.48393
-0.02%
0.0009964
0.04%
0.05178
-11.38%
0.000000000000081
-19.00%
0.0000278
-4.14%
0.00048
0.00%
0.00001982
1.85%
0.01947
6.39%
43.11
0.14%
2.523
-29.88%
0.00019688
0.18%
10.36
1.37%
0.0000686
5.05%
0.00286
-1.04%
0.034934
-0.32%
0.8425
0.69%
0.000007466
55.54%
0.1152
-0.17%
0.6084
-1.25%
0.10984
2.80%
0.05349
-0.63%
0.000027
-6.90%
0.006831
-0.18%
0.1381
0.00%
0.0023039
0.27%
0.03419
4.65%
9.58
-2.34%
0.18445
0.00%
0.000680
4.62%
0.153118
6.15%
0.021350
-0.70%
0.03402
1.52%
0.27170
52.68%
11.3211
-0.15%
0.1078
0.00%
34.1334
0.29%
0.06261
-19.38%
90.1256
1.25%
0.00001779
-15.20%
0.002406
-4.68%
0.00009461
-0.25%
0.7981
-12.83%
0.00082986
-2.07%
5.64
-2.25%
1.233
4.58%
1.954
0.00%
0.008443
-70.81%
0.3500
9.79%
0.00001288
1.58%
0.0000000034
0.00%
0.0000000045
-4.26%
0.0058
0.00%
0.08625
1.72%
0.0000414
2.99%
0.852
2.40%
0.8350
-13.14%
0.002461
-2.42%
4.825
0.94%
3.022
0.13%
0.000777
-19.81%
0.0017
-5.56%
7.93
-4.00%
0.1805
-3.78%
0.0000880
-2.87%
0.00468
-0.21%
0.001998
-0.05%
0.2656
0.19%
0.01665
-0.12%
0.00236500
1.90%
0.00000145
1.40%
2.1322
0.00%
0.000130
0.00%
0.0108
0.93%
1.0005
-0.02%
0.37603
-1.06%
0.000000000348
-0.57%
0.0015
-11.76%
0.012454
-0.17%
0.009988
-22.99%
3.0002
28.15%
0.001000
0.00%
0.936
-0.85%
0.00006444
-1.41%
0.1250
-1.73%
0.000688
2.38%
0.0091019
0.16%
0.6555
2.68%
0.1775
1.25%
0.0038213
-2.81%
12.1000
-0.09%
0.000498
0.20%
0.00016269
-0.02%
0.00047
0.00%
0.7767
0.84%
1.5983
-0.24%
0.00814
-1.33%
0.000000001368
0.66%
0.002754
-2.48%
0.2130
1.04%
0.05653
18.99%
0.00799
0.76%
0.00000603
-3.67%
0.1058
0.38%
0.005014
-4.44%
0.00166
9.21%
0.013031
-0.23%
0.0269
8.03%
0.02175
-8.88%
0.005243
-4.15%
0.5259
5.67%
0.00499997
6.38%
0.07640
-15.34%
0.0000884
4.12%
4.2678
0.28%
0.1194
38.68%
0.1427
-1.92%
3.432
0.79%
0.00002489
0.24%
0.2979
-15.56%
0.000940
4.79%
0.021907
3.04%
0.0296
2.07%
0.00131
-17.09%
0.011655
1.63%
0.00002429
0.91%
0.6774
0.28%
0.2793
0.90%
0.1998
1.06%
0.2515
-4.08%
0.00003947
-0.18%
0.000185
1.09%
0.0318
0.00%
0.4594
-0.56%
0.535
2.49%
0.8847
-1.36%
92.46
1.12%
0.0242
0.83%
0.5969
-0.55%
0.0000608
0.33%
0.0330
3.13%
0.000507
0.20%
0.0122972
-2.35%
0.0002295
-3.93%
0.005503
-6.00%
0.01223
-4.38%
0.002561
-0.04%
0.618
0.32%
0.2464
0.74%
0.012917
-23.48%
0.5303
1.49%
0.28214
-6.34%
0.00000004049
0.72%
0.00736
-3.92%
0.00173
7.45%
3047
0.13%
0.04343
-5.85%
0.00000347
0.00%
0.0101
-5.61%
0.000000001497
0.00%
2.723
3.03%
0.014920
26.97%
24.17
0.00%
16.22
0.31%
0.00308
-6.10%
0.2087
0.38%
0.005391
1.32%
0.2141
1.57%
0.00498
-0.80%
0.000437
-3.32%
0.0814
8.24%
0.00450
2.27%
0.1114
-2.28%
1.7649
22.01%
15.15
3.55%
0.00715
7.36%
0.942
0.00%
0.000771
-1.78%
0.00140
-0.71%
0.3676
2.40%
0.3413
0.15%
0.002048
-7.91%
0.00000000009340
3.16%
0.671
0.60%
0.875
1.86%
0.00068
-11.69%
0.12492
-2.14%
0.4533
0.62%
0.00450
4.17%
0.05743
6.02%
1.7618
-2.12%
0.3042
7.72%
0.00439
-0.45%
0.003461
29.05%
0.0698
1.01%
0.006066
-1.72%
0.7083
0.28%
0.521
0.39%
2155.79
1.28%
0.1280
2.65%
0.0000305
-32.22%
0.0000000363
-11.46%
0.000259
-3.36%
0.3239
-6.14%
7.25
3.42%
0.0444
3.74%
0.3131
-1.14%
0.008074
-0.25%
0.01761
1.97%
0.0000000347
6.12%
0.00080
8.11%
0.00288
-17.00%
1.012
-13.21%
0.004946
-1.06%
0.00683
0.00%
0.002192
21.78%
0.000840
0.36%
0.2092
0.00%
31.03
-0.32%
0.6591
5.07%
0.494
-2.76%
2.791
0.25%
0.01149
8.09%
0.0837
1.82%
0.0002814
-1.23%
0.000368
-0.54%
0.2238
-0.04%
0.0042
0.00%
0.002365
-3.71%
1.051
2.94%
0.003052
0.96%
0.000715
-15.88%
0.000380
-1.04%
17.06
1.13%
0.0741
0.14%
0.03364
0.36%
0.00006439
-0.25%
0.06450
-2.49%
0.05462
-11.58%
0.2709
0.26%
0.57850
9.34%
0.01469
0.34%
6.782
-0.44%
0.02692
-5.54%
0.0006773
-0.50%
0.5204
-5.24%
0.001776
-12.56%
0.064748
0.23%
159.90
7.14%
0.7497
-4.38%
0.001327
-5.01%
0.0000014971
2.75%
0.4934
5.68%
0.1869
3.83%
0.1687
9.55%
255.2
1.47%
5.823
0.57%
7.601
-8.02%
2.972
1.50%
0.1133
-0.44%
0.9049
1.16%
0.2113
1.00%
0.00001355
5.28%
0.028679
-3.14%
0.00305654
-1.96%
0.01750
-6.72%
0.00545
-9.92%
0.000655
-2.82%
0.00599
0.84%
185.51
2.40%
0.0717
16.78%
0.00499
1.22%
0.1848
1.09%
1.4297
7.95%
4.4022
0.00%
0.001280
-18.11%
0.01008
2.65%
0.0000185
-5.13%
0.00486
-6.72%
0.000001558
-3.05%
0.00450
7.14%
0.2764
-0.58%
0.5526
3.93%
0.03872
0.81%
0.7557
2.66%
0.03659
-1.67%
0.00000014462
-0.80%
1.403
8.59%
0.2099
1.40%
0.000790
-7.17%
3.370
1.91%
0.0855
1.18%
0.01190
-0.17%
0.0066
0.00%
0.0981
2.62%
0.000000044842
0.17%
0.0126
90.91%
0.998
-3.11%
0.5173
1.53%
0.01124
25.17%
0.00980
-25.42%
0.00050888
-12.08%
17.80
-0.17%
0.5643
1.69%
0.1021
-0.29%
0.03429
1.45%
0.0022500
-3.31%
0.0903
0.78%
0.0000000195
-10.14%
0.0460
-1.08%
0.0002389
25.08%
0.000001971
8.00%
0.0597
3.11%
10.04
0.90%
0.00000070
0.00%
0.0000000145
2.11%
0.001733
-8.26%
0.0288
-6.49%
0.000407
-15.91%
0.01283
0.00%
1.2712
-3.50%
0.000914
-3.28%
3044.33
0.44%
0.0109
-3.54%
0.2096
3.66%
0.4288
-2.35%
0.0000533
11.51%
0.1477
1.86%
0.869
0.46%
0.00000764
0.53%
0.001345
-20.65%
0.002651
-11.84%
0.008900
20.27%
0.003459
0.93%
0.2195
5.58%
0.0000000000000184
31.43%
0.000000000251
-0.79%
0.006390
1.75%
0.03395
-1.54%
0.000503
3.93%
19.8772
-7.98%
0.0000001346
6.07%
0.002407
-1.03%
0.00299
9.12%
0.0000000412
-0.96%
0.583
0.87%
0.02552
-0.08%
0.01213
-11.14%
0.1457
0.34%
0.0797
0.00%
0.0729
-3.83%
0.004399
1.10%
0.0002692
2.94%
0.000587
-16.02%
0.004800
-18.19%
0.003596
-6.57%
0.0130
7.44%
0.08136
2.66%
0.00781
-5.10%
0.09005
-4.19%
1.514
8.07%
0.00249
0.40%
6.6868
4.68%
1.3120
-0.83%
0.000612
15.04%
324.9
-0.09%
0.00811
7.85%
0.1926
1.05%
0.01958
5.10%
12.52
1.54%
0.3413
-2.18%
0.02518
2.19%
0.000874
-6.32%
0.002115
3.73%
0.00753
-20.65%
0.11063
3.48%
1.795
-0.44%
5.685
-2.29%
0.01543
0.92%
0.0071
-6.58%
0.00000001309
-4.59%
0.0000000829
-1.07%
0.0110
13.40%
0.0003739
-8.72%
0.1910
0.79%
6.978
-2.69%
0.001115
-4.21%
0.0108
4.85%
0.013001
1.53%
0.02406
-1.43%
0.08385
14.67%
0.07161
11.54%
0.002810
-17.84%
6.7331
0.24%
0.002045
-2.85%
0.0931
2.53%
0.2972
-8.75%
0.002765
-2.61%
8.19
0.49%
0.7663
-0.05%
0.543
1.50%
0.01795
11.08%
1.1976999
-1.01%
0.2535
-0.63%
0.3153
3.44%
6.4005
0.00%
0.0266
0.38%
0.04211
3.77%
0.0406
2.27%
0.004091
-1.59%
0.5280
-0.25%
0.001865
17.30%
0.0111
-9.02%
0.00633
-2.01%
6.559
4.93%
0.00000399
-0.50%
0.000062
-33.33%
0.01762
4.01%
0.01753
-0.11%
0.1657
-6.23%
1.492
0.74%
0.0000510
-0.58%
0.008994
-8.03%
0.0000000002073
5.60%
0.00003
-25.00%
18.59
2.09%
0.01254
-0.48%
0.01559
6.49%
0.01373
0.44%
0.2863
0.25%
0.018755
5.70%
0.0000092
21.05%
0.0189
3.28%
0.0110
1.85%
0.1422
-4.24%
0.1486
-3.57%
0.01401
0.79%
0.9015
3.16%
0.00817
9.22%
0.001619
-6.47%
1246
0.08%
0.13148
-0.38%
0.01748
0.92%
2.427
-2.49%
0.003565
-4.88%
0.01832
-0.60%
1.1994
0.24%
0.00002736
-0.44%
0.0009
0.00%
0.03011
-2.71%
0.375
-2.60%
0.00102
-7.27%
0.000453
-0.44%
0.0051021
0.05%
0.000000002176
8.75%
3.412
-0.26%
77.3
-0.26%
7.46
-1.06%
0.003959
0.43%
0.04068
-2.70%
0.002729
-8.73%
0.1434
0.49%
0.000908
-18.20%
0.3998
-7.13%
0.0000000632
1.12%
0.0181
-8.59%
0.000080
-4.76%
0.0000691
-4.43%
0.000124
-2.36%
0.1369
-2.56%
0.000000471
-0.21%
0.004863
4.42%
0.05733
4.41%
0.2623
0.65%
0.813
-3.21%
0.0390
1.30%
17.170
-4.37%
0.02724
0.15%
0.0061
0.00%
0.0215
1.42%
0.000024
9.09%
0.008023
-7.01%
0.1653
5.76%
0.001489
1.09%
0.2037
0.44%
0.0000088
0.00%
0.00386
8.12%
0.0238
0.00%
0.0532
0.57%
0.1188
-0.75%
0.1415
-1.05%
0.2945
0.86%
0.0474
6.52%
0.00513
-0.39%
0.000001623
1.00%
50.025
-4.12%
6.3199
2.83%
0.0000612
0.33%
0.00006
20.00%
0.005346
2.20%
0.0383
-0.52%
0.000156
-12.36%
0.002999
0.00%
0.719
-0.83%
0.7574
0.26%
0.00025530
8.51%
0.0661
4.42%
1.3878
2.88%
0.3095
-2.03%
0.3970
10.68%
0.00295
4.61%
0.0000593
1.37%
0.009402
6.78%
11.30
-7.45%
0.0000003093
-6.72%
0.001195
11.06%
0.792
1.28%
0.000623
-5.61%
0.00009194
-0.17%
0.003402
18.50%
0.0809
-2.88%
0.1193
9.15%
0.1086
0.28%
0.002722
3.81%
0.003629
22.81%
0.300
-42.53%
0.0000019
18.75%
0.000742
6.30%
0.2731
2.02%
0.001774
0.11%
0.016968
5.77%
0.013950
3.33%
0.002583
-13.90%
0.00292
-19.78%
0.001273
3.08%
0.01743
0.52%
0.0405
-19.00%
0.0006023
3.33%
0.000059
-36.56%
0.000277213
-2.37%
18.07
0.78%
0.002275
0.31%
5.31
0.38%
0.003367
-3.69%
0.000405
15.71%
0.004887
8.53%
0.003748
-10.80%
0.000081
-5.81%
9.17
-3.88%
0.01128
0.00%
0.02829
-11.73%
0.02423
1.68%
0.000210
-12.13%
0.00052
0.00%
0.0500
1.21%
0.00010280
-16.20%
0.684
0.15%
1.884
-3.29%
0.01799
-0.06%
0.002495
1.75%
0.746
-1.84%
23.060
0.58%
0.0000000030005
0.03%
0.01648
-0.30%
0.0818
3.28%
0.0272
1.87%
0.000756
7.69%
0.0589
-1.67%
0.00510
7.82%
0.000000001777
-0.06%
0.00865
16.11%
0.00000007878
1.21%
0.004175
-1.11%
0.00022520
49.00%
0.001019
2.31%
0.1445
9.55%
0.528
0.38%
2.184
0.23%
0.000277
-1.42%
0.00025649
-0.01%
0.05944
1.68%
0.0982
1.03%
0.00000383
-5.43%
0.1311
1.71%
0.0001
0.00%
0.000000000003813
-15.81%
0.000000497
2.26%
0.000290
16.00%
0.03588
-10.46%
0.036346
-4.65%
0.0000002195
1.11%
0.0070
-4.11%
0.2220
-5.49%
0.0786
1.95%
0.1535
4.85%
2.090
-3.95%
0.000000000708
-8.88%
0.0568
1.07%
0.416
-0.95%
0.001216
0.91%
0.000195
3.17%
0.0646
-5.69%
0.03138
-2.67%
0.01066
1.23%
0.0000524
0.58%
0.000985
1.65%
0.0015
-25.00%
0.00002369
-0.17%
0.5423
-0.04%
0.0121
-6.20%
0.0427
-6.15%
0.000869
14.04%
0.1071
-0.09%
0.001121
0.63%
0.05523
2.01%
0.03972
-3.00%
0.0850
-1.39%
1.154
-6.48%
0.0005014
-2.66%
0.01848
3.76%
0.0564
-4.73%
0.00000000000096
-4.00%
0.000432
2.37%
0.0000049
-2.00%
0.000000000001677
0.48%
0.1132
0.80%
0.001884
3.12%
78.44
6.17%
0.001900
11.76%
0.000000000000869
7.28%
0.000332
1.22%
0.00295
0.68%
0.01681
-3.28%
0.000643
-3.60%
0.000000001868
1.47%
0.691
-2.54%
0.000540
93.55%
0.0170
24.09%
0.00000000015733
0.05%
0.0331
0.30%
0.00390
-2.50%
0.01239
-7.61%
0.001160
0.87%
0.7861
-0.24%
0.0072
-68.14%
0.0754
0.00%
0.5123
3.70%
0.000034
41.67%
0.1943
0.73%
0.00000000001802
-35.55%
0.150000
-40.10%
0.03814
-2.08%
0.0526
0.19%
0.1101
3.19%
0.001997
-0.30%
0.1187
-3.89%
0.01430
0.56%
0.000001706
1.25%
0.001000
0.00%
0.0000000000000159
6.71%
0.001728
-14.33%
0.00000000000291
0.34%
0.0000002642
25.27%
0.001361
-0.07%
0.0000095
-8.65%
0.002569
-2.50%
0.283
0.71%
0.00650
0.62%
0.002935
1.45%
0.000997
232.33%
0.00109
-26.35%
0.0000815
11.64%
0.000259
-1.52%
0.00004400
2.85%
0.000049
32.43%
0.00375
-2.85%
0.000427
-2.51%
0.0000000053
-51.82%
0.00282
-0.35%
0.05817
-0.02%
0.000000000539
20.04%
0.00000000000013
8.33%
0.0388
3.74%
0.0077
71.11%
0.00000000001477
-7.69%
0.000623
-1.11%
0.00000000000042
-2.33%
0.0248
5.08%
0.0006
20.00%
0.000001690
3.05%
0.00000056
5.66%
0.00000000000651
-26.27%
3.0514
-5.34%
0.00000304
2.70%
0.00821
0.49%
0.003986
44.42%
0.01164
2.83%
1.409
-1.05%
0.00002
0.00%
0.020989
0.74%
0.20697
-2.85%
0.0006
0.00%
0.012521
0.00%
0.00209
-3.24%
0.0902
2.85%
0.000195258
2.50%
0.00005
0.00%
0.000959
1.48%
0.03002
1.80%
0.000518
1.77%
0.000183
-4.19%
0.006167
11.02%
0.0000078
-4.88%
0.3264
-1.54%
0.000308
15.79%
0.1442
-1.57%
0.00035
-18.60%
0.01025
0.00%
0.00088
0.00%
0.000014
-12.50%
0.00200
23.46%
0.4837
-3.84%
0.01861
-3.92%
0.5307
3.63%
0.000000487
14.59%
0.004389
-0.11%
0.1100
0.09%
0.00468
8.33%
0.0000355
-17.25%
0.001450
-14.45%
0.0005
0.00%
0.00000001199
-0.17%
0.021365
0.85%
0.0000010
66.67%
0.0002484
-0.48%
0.000957
-1.85%
0.06007
-0.20%
5.451
-1.23%
0.00000085
1.19%
0.01316
0.46%
0.00080
0.00%
0.01645
3.26%
0.0593
0.00%
0.00330
-45.00%
2.5129
-49.74%
0.0503
-4.37%
0.00014
7.69%
0.3888
4.80%
0.1475
0.68%
0.0730
1.39%
0.0001030
0.00%
0.2732
-0.76%
0.000838
6.35%
8.29
3.75%
0.3613
-8.55%
0.0004
0.00%
0.00292
-0.68%
0.05223
2.31%
0.0000245
0.00%
0.671
0.00%
0.01241
-0.64%
0.0000105
-89.46%
0.00609
-4.40%
0.1307
9.74%
0.2994
0.00%
0.0500
-1.57%
0.1002
1.42%
0.00000686
-0.15%
0.00250
25.00%
0.00910
-5.99%
0.000000000020
53.85%
0.00367
-6.62%
0.00000000000145
-16.18%
0.0000246
2.07%
0.0005
-50.00%
0.0354
-0.56%
0.01754
0.11%
0.004193
-1.48%
0.000000000114
17.53%
0.01394
-6.32%
0.1912
-2.94%
0.000012
-14.29%
0.0000117
-1.68%
0.1719
2.69%
0.01470
-1.87%
0.0000825
1.10%
0.00010965
0.00%
0.0026
0.00%
100.00
-0.70%
0.0001
0.00%
0.000000000720
0.28%
2.157
-0.46%
0.3481
-6.00%
0.01798
0.90%
0.02956
-2.25%
0.0000329
-33.67%
0.001129
-1.48%
0.002583
5.47%
0.00027
3.85%
0.00022
-47.62%
0.3730
-0.40%
0.00000000000028
3.70%
0.0009
-43.75%
0.00002203
0.05%
0.00000921
-0.11%
0.0602
-0.17%
0.0050
6.38%
0.000028
0.00%
0.00000000003474
-0.37%
0.03786
0.99%
0.000000000004
0.00%
0.000000104
1.96%
0.002164
-5.46%
0.0867
0.70%
0.02909
0.31%
2.998
0.67%
0.1925
0.42%
0.0000023
0.00%
0.000000000774
-7.42%
0.0587
0.00%
1.25
-0.79%
0.000000000036
0.00%
0.1850
-1.33%
0.00188
3.30%
0.000000000774
-2.40%
0.0072
-63.82%
0.00028
0.00%
0.0354
-1.39%
0.002461
0.00%
0.00004
-20.00%
0.000033
120.00%
0.000008
-11.11%
0.00240
-4.00%
0.0000219
50.00%
0.000050
-7.41%
0.001987
30.90%
0.000110
6.80%
0.0140
0.00%
0.0000059
3.51%
0.0000007
0.00%
0.0803
-0.37%
0.000350
-29.58%
0.0005
-16.67%
0.00007
0.00%
0.000033
-2.94%
1.1727
2.01%
0.1152
5.88%
0.01711
2.95%
0.000640
3.90%
0.10755
-5.06%
0.00003983
-4.96%
0.7495
-11.34%
0.01089
-1.00%
0.001383
2.52%
0.2348
0.34%
0.03579
-6.28%
58.5600
0.00%
0.0410
-2.15%
0.0001450
0.00%
0.6327
1.15%
0.02953
-2.61%
0.00490
1.45%
0.002186
2.73%
0.0003220
0.00%
0.0254
0.00%
0.0009012
0.00%
0.003434
-4.98%
0.00600
0.00%
0.0007993
0.00%
6.225
-1.16%
0.0000690
0.00%
0.04013
-0.72%
0.00281
8.91%
0.02342
1.34%
0.00282
2.55%
0.0028
0.00%
0.00125
3.31%
1899.00
0.00%
0.93
2.20%
0.0445
7.49%
0.001274
1.68%
0.00395
-0.25%
0.00219
1.39%
0.0741
3.20%
0.0639
1.27%
0.448
0.22%
0.1077
0.28%
1.000000
0.00%
0.3771
0.00%
0.5732
0.00%
5.92
-0.84%
0.05880
1.15%
0.000000100
0.00%
0.06274
9.32%
2.164
0.19%
0.6244
-1.42%
0.0700
0.00%
0.01975
3.19%
0.00004399
0.00%
0.000216
0.00%
2.179
0.00%
1.700
0.71%
1.5000
0.00%
3.9889
0.00%
0.0973
0.21%
1.1371
0.00%
0.000082
-5.75%
0.4424
0.00%
0.1268
1.52%
0.2167
-1.10%
0.0438
1.15%
0.000395
2.60%
0.9746
0.00%
0.0071
0.00%
0.599
0.00%
0.000210
0.00%
14.74
1.38%
0.000452
0.00%
0.0272
0.00%
0.000000002399
3.90%
0.00000010913
0.00%
0.00000044
-2.22%
17.03
0.12%
0.1204
0.00%
2.598
-0.69%
1.074
-0.19%
0.006000
0.00%
0.000300
0.00%
0.0021
0.00%
0.00035
0.00%
0.0111
0.00%
0.000000037
-2.63%
0.0004
0.00%
0.00033
0.00%
0.011926
0.00%
0.0000151
0.00%
0.5051
0.00%
0.000014
0.00%
0.001100
0.00%
0.000365
0.00%
0.001200
0.00%
0.0059
0.00%
0.0000002593
0.00%
0.00001584
0.00%
0.0000001013
0.00%
0.00035000
0.00%
0.000027
3.85%
0.00006187
0.00%
0.000166
0.00%
0.001405
0.00%
0.2466
-0.04%
0.000480
1.91%
0.000902
0.00%
0.0001
0.00%
0.001505
0.00%
0.0009
0.00%
0.0560
0.00%
0.00012800
0.00%
0.000458
0.88%
0.004025
0.00%
0.00000000055
0.00%
0.0109
-1.80%
9.770
0.39%
0.00007709
0.00%
0.00000100
0.00%
0.0000000104
0.00%
0.00000006
0.00%
0.00000000001676
0.00%
0.001000
0.00%
0.0000000039
0.00%
0.00001626
0.00%
0.000000000374
0.00%
0.00025
-7.41%
0.0000030
0.00%
0.000000003500
0.00%
0.000427
3.89%
0.0070
0.00%
0.000310
0.00%
0.3284
0.00%
0.9500
0.00%
0.0020
0.00%
0.0066
0.00%
0.000405
0.00%
----
0.00000000000102
0.00%
0.001290
0.00%
0.00000000000426
3.40%
0.00000011
0.00%
0.0000006596
-0.96%
0.000758
0.00%
1.6799
0.00%
0.0927
0.00%
0.00000000002387
0.00%
0.00425
0.00%
0.00001
0.00%
0.000119
0.00%
0.0010
0.00%
0.00037
0.00%
0.001963
0.00%
0.00000055
0.00%
0.00006767
0.00%
0.0055
0.00%
0.00005458
0.00%
0.001263
0.00%
0.00000000000805
0.75%
0.001349
0.00%
0.00171
0.00%
0.0001000
0.00%
0.05056
0.00%
1.3575
0.00%
0.00136
0.00%
0.000086
0.00%
0.00006
0.00%
0.001234
0.00%
0.000449
0.00%
0.0066
0.00%
0.0010
0.00%
0.0004
0.00%
0.0007
0.00%
0.0240
0.00%
0.000522
0.00%
0.0013
0.00%
0.4998
0.00%
0.0000111
0.00%
0.00003022
0.27%
0.007000
0.00%
0.000363
0.00%
0.0012
0.00%
0.000792
0.00%
0.001200
0.00%
0.000331
0.00%
0.001050
0.00%
1.1099
0.00%
0.000383
0.00%
0.00009909
0.00%
0.01170
0.00%
0.001000
0.00%
50.0000
0.00%
0.0005
0.00%
0.0786
0.00%
0.001563
0.00%
1.6349
0.00%
0.00000000000540
0.00%
0.000028
0.00%
0.000999
0.00%
0.002935
0.00%
0.0200
0.00%
0.0093
0.00%
0.0006
0.00%
65.1101
0.00%
3.7189
0.00%
0.003015
0.00%
0.00000013
0.00%
0.000082
0.00%
0.0071
-1.39%
0.016111
0.00%
4.1000
0.00%
0.0489
0.00%
0.0131
0.00%
0.023020
0.00%
0.0745
0.00%
0.001100
0.00%
0.3882
0.00%
0.001000
0.00%
0.076250
0.00%
0.0150
0.00%
0.1001
0.00%
0.0036
0.00%
0.001942
0.00%
0.1769
0.00%
2.2915
0.00%
0.0000000187
-1.58%
0.000257
0.00%
0.000620
0.00%
0.03000
0.00%
0.000946
0.00%
0.000119
0.00%
0.0002041
0.00%
0.4820
0.00%
0.0490
0.00%
0.0096
0.00%
0.0060
0.00%
0.04500
0.00%
0.000259
0.00%
0.0502
0.00%
0.004149
-0.98%
1.76670591
0.00%
0.000399
0.00%
0.0001403
0.00%
1.9418
0.00%
0.0000000000270
0.00%
0.0000002850
0.00%
0.6700
0.00%
0.00010
0.00%
0.01989
0.00%
0.2888
0.00%
0.00501
0.00%
0.02700
0.00%
0.00294
0.00%
0.0440
0.00%
0.3515
0.00%
0.00125
0.00%
0.000445
0.00%
0.4900
0.00%
0.9900
0.00%
0.5000
0.00%
0.010100
0.00%
0.0069
0.00%
0.88686
0.00%
0.00084
0.00%
0.00141
0.00%
0.0000285
0.00%
0.00264
0.00%
1.1760
0.00%
0.000978
0.00%
0.00910
0.00%
0.1721
0.00%
0.00010
0.00%
0.01463
0.00%
0.01324
-0.08%
0.00614
0.00%
0.04851
0.00%
0.4606
0.00%
0.00021
0.00%
0.001800
0.00%
0.00132
0.00%
0.01200
0.00%
0.00000000076
0.00%
0.00010
0.00%
0.000001000
0.00%
0.0000008
0.00%
1.3153
-0.72%
0.01050
0.00%
0.0000325
0.00%
0.00000357
24.39%
1.0000
0.00%
0.00441
0.00%
0.34211
0.00%
0.0000077
0.00%
0.3000
0.00%
0.00036
0.00%
0.001277
0.00%
0.03520
0.00%
3.3999
0.00%
0.000000005
0.00%
0.000514
0.00%
0.00819
0.00%
0.00657
2.98%
0.000313
0.00%
0.0000031
0.00%
0.0007240
0.00%
0.00003
0.00%
0.00098
0.00%
0.00200
0.00%
0.00000007783
0.00%
0.0032
0.00%
0.000495
0.00%
0.00049
0.00%
0.00014906
0.00%
0.0000090
45.16%
0.007210
0.00%
0.00635
0.00%
0.0000271
-15.84%
0.0900
0.00%
0.00006
0.00%
0.000000000008
0.00%
0.000506
0.00%
0.01030
0.00%
0.017874
0.00%
0.00269
0.00%
0.00070
0.00%
0.004004
0.00%
0.000309
0.00%
160.01
0.00%
0.0000269
0.00%
0.0000000500
0.00%
0.0000001300
0.00%
0.000057
-46.73%
1.02862
0.00%
0.7997
0.00%
0.0001543
0.00%
0.000000000128
0.00%
0.000426832
0.00%
0.00002805
0.00%
0.00911
0.00%
0.1600
0.00%
0.3198
0.00%
0.1197
0.00%
0.0030886
0.00%
20.3888
0.00%
0.000510
0.00%
0.00218
0.00%
0.00000632
0.00%
0.002700
0.00%
0.0001245
0.00%
0.000055
0.00%
0.3100
0.00%
0.00639
0.00%
0.4400
0.00%
1.4371
0.00%
0.0002109
0.00%
0.0000274
0.00%
0.3668
0.00%
0.250
0.00%
0.4134
-0.19%
0.001106
0.00%
0.0249
0.00%
0.6608
0.00%
0.00500
0.00%
3.79
0.00%
0.0020
0.00%
0.00538
0.00%
0.5253
1.43%
4522.00
0.00%
1.490
0.27%
0.0091
0.00%
0.435
1.40%